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KMID : 0364920160410040359
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Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
2016 Volume.41 No. 4 p.359 ~ p.367
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Rapid Screening of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Nuclides (238U, 232Th) in Raw Materials and By-Products Samples Using XRF
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Park Ji-Young
Lim Jong-Myoung
Ji Young-Yong
Lim Chung-Sup
Jang Byung-Uck
Chung Kun-Ho
Lee Wan-No
Kang Mun-Ja
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Abstract
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Background: As new legislation has come into force implementing radiation safety management for the use of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), it is necessary to establish a rapid and accurate measurement technique. Measurement of 238U and 232Th using conventional methods encounter the most significant difficulties for pretreatment (e.g., purification, speciation, and dilution/enrichment) or require time-consuming processes. Therefore, in this study, the applicability of ED-XRF as a non-destructive and rapid screening method was validated for raw materials and by-product samples.
Materials and Methods: A series of experiments was conducted to test the applicability for rapid screening of XRF measurement to determine activity of 238U and 232Th based on certified reference materials (e.g., soil, rock, phosphorus rock, bauxite, zircon, and coal ash) and NORM samples commercially used in Korea. Statistical methods were used to compare the analytical results of ED-XRF to those of certified values of certified reference materials (CRM) and
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results and Discussion: Results of the XRF measurement for 238U and 232Th showed under 20% relative error and standard deviation. The results of the U-test were statistically significant except for the case of U in coal fly ash samples. In addition, analytical results of 238U and 232Th in the raw material and by-product samples using XRF and the analytical results of those using ICP-MS (R2 ≥ 0.95) were consistent with each other. Thus, the analytical results rapidly derived
using ED-XRF were fairly reliable.
Conclusion: Based on the validation results, it can be concluded that the ED-XRF analysis may be applied to rapid screening of radioactivities (238U and 232Th) in NORM samples.
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KEYWORD
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Naturally occurring radioactive materials, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, ICP-MS, Rapid screening, Raw material, By-product
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